# Virtual machine

The VM class provides a sandboxed Python environment and a set of APIs for interacting with it. Using the namespace PocketPython before any operations.

using PocketPython;

• VM()

  Create a new Python virtual machine.

• CodeObject Compile(string source, string filename, CompileMode mode)

  Compile Python source code into a CodeObject that can be executed later. The filename parameter is used for error reporting, you can set it to main.py if you don't need it. The mode parameter specifies the compile mode, see CompileMode for details.

• object Exec(CodeObject co, PyModule mod = null)

  Execute a CodeObject in the given module. The mod parameter specifies the module in which the code will be executed. If it is null, the code will be executed in the main module.

• object Exec(string source, string filename, CompileMode mode = CompileMode.EXEC_MODE, PyModule mod = null)

  Compile and execute Python source code in the given module. It is equivalent to Exec(Compile(source, filename, mode), mod).

• object Eval(string source, PyModule mod = null)

  Evaluate an expression in the given module.

• object Call(object callable, object[] args, Dictionary<string, object> kwargs)

  Call a Python callable object with the given arguments and keyword arguments. It is equivalent to callable(*args, **kwargs) in Python.

• object CallMethod(object obj, string name, params object[] args)

  Call a method of a Python object with the given arguments. It is equivalent to obj.name(*args) in Python.

• object GetAttr(object obj, string name, bool throwErr = true)

  Get an attribute of a Python object. It is equivalent to obj.name in Python. If throwErr is true, it will throw an exception if the attribute does not exist. Otherwise, it will return null.

• NoneType SetAttr(object obj, string name, object value)

  Set an attribute of a Python object. It is equivalent to obj.name = value in Python.

• bool HasAttr(object obj, string name)

  Check if a Python object has the given attribute. It is equivalent to hasattr(obj, name) in Python.

• Dictionary<string, PyModule> modules

  A dictionary that maps module names to PyModule objects. You can use it to access the modules that have been imported.

• Dictionary<string, string> lazyModules

  A dictionary stores all unimported modules. You can add Python source into this dictionary. It will be initialized and moved to modules when it is first imported.

• PyModule NewModule(string name)

  Create a new module with the given name at runtime. The module will be added to modules automatically.

• PyModule PyImport(string name)

  Import a Python module. It is equivalent to import name in Python. It first checks if the module has been imported, if not, it will try to load the module from lazyModules.

• T PyCast<T>(object obj)

  Convert a Python object to a C# object. It is equivalent to obj as T in C#. Raise TypeError if the conversion fails.

• bool IsInstance(object obj, PyTypeObject type)

  Check if a Python object is an instance of the given type. It is equivalent to isinstance(obj, type) in Python.

• void CheckType<T>(object t)

  Check if t is T. Raise TypeError if the check fails.

• bool PyEquals(object lhs, object rhs)

  Check if two Python objects are equal. It is equivalent to lhs == rhs in Python. This is different from == or object.ReferenceEquals in C#. You should always use this method to compare Python objects.

• object PyIter(object obj)

  Get an iterator of a Python object. It is equivalent to iter(obj) in Python.

• object PyNext(object obj)

  Get the next element of a Python iterator. It is equivalent to next(obj) in Python.

• bool PyBool(object obj)

  Convert a Python object to a boolean value. It is equivalent to bool(obj) in Python.

• string PyStr(object obj)

  Convert a Python object to a string. It is equivalent to str(obj) in Python.

• string PyRepr(object obj)

  Convert a Python object to a string representation. It is equivalent to repr(obj) in Python.

• int PyHash(object obj)

  Get the hash value of a Python object. It is equivalent to hash(obj) in Python.

• List<object> PyList(object obj)

  Convert an Iterable Python object to a list. It is equivalent to list(obj) in Python.

• System.Action<string> stdout = Debug.Log

  A callback that will be called when the Python code invokes print function. By default, it will print the message to Unity console.

• System.Action<string> stderr = null

  A callback that will be called when the Python code emits an error message. By default, an Exception will be raised. You can set it to Debug.LogError for printing to the Unity Console.

• bool debug = false

  A flag that controls whether to print debug messages to Unity console. You can set it to true to enable debug messages, or false to disable them.